A recent investigation by Galaxy Research revealed that a surge of cryptic text messages embedded in Bitcoin transactions originated from an automated publishing tool, not an attempt at covert communication or cryptography. The research examined 562 text messages published over a three-week span, with activity peaking at around 40 transactions per day.
Randomized letter patterns found in Bitcoin messages
Galaxy Research reported that the source of these messages, dubbed “Babel Scribe,” was linked to funds involved in a previous Bitcoin transaction that uploaded the full text of the US Constitution—a data-heavy 44,194-byte entry confirmed on May 29. Analysts tracked 3.33 million satoshis allocated for the activity, of which 24% went to mining fees. The research characterized Babel Scribe as an experimental tool rather than a medium for coded communications.
A detailed analysis of the messages showed that each letter appeared within a 3.6% to 4.2% range, sharply contrasting with natural English where certain letters, like “e,” are far more frequent. This distribution, Galaxy emphasized, rules out simple substitution ciphers, which typically echo language-based frequency patterns.
Testing for repeating encryption keys yielded no statistical spikes across intervals, unlike comparisons with known encrypted documents. Furthermore, word lengths in the messages ranged evenly from two to ten letters. In natural English, three- and four-letter words predominate. Short message length, frequent single-letter padding, and repeated words in few instances collectively supported the finding that these were algorithmically generated gibberish, not secret messages.
For three weeks, someone has been writing sentences like this into Bitcoin, approximately 40 times a day: “Ieqkenszm aalzrnbgtr nxnstd gubighxvfg byvzwrzk df qukz.” This looks like a cipher, but it is not, and the coins behind it belong to the wallet that inscribed the US Constitution in May.
Transaction analysis and funding connections
Galaxy identified a technical pattern in the transactions supporting the bot claim. Each message used one transaction input, a new change address, and an OP_RETURN output. The OP_RETURN feature allows Bitcoin transactions to embed arbitrary data, explaining how such outputs are created on the blockchain. The bot linked transactions by moving coins through 31 chains, the longest extending 86 steps in sequence.
Long-form messages were distributed on approximately six-hour cycles per chain, while others followed 90-minute intervals. The number of daily messages grew from 12 to 24 and later to about 40. Funding for the activity traced back to three modest exchange withdrawals in May.
Additional uploads using the same pool of funds included roughly 99,000 bytes of random uppercase text on June 5 and a full upload of the Declaration of Independence on July 4. Earlier experiments featured classic test messages like “Hello, world,” placeholder text, multiple languages, and examples such as JSON files. The analysis also revealed 34 instances of non-text binary data embedded with the same technical method.
From a network impact perspective, the three largest data uploads alone generated 512,000 satoshis in mining fees. Galaxy calculated that 76% of the original wallet’s funds remain unspent within its own addresses and identified no evidence of payments to external parties, underlining the conclusion of an ongoing automated testing project.
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The analysis found that indices of coincidence, word frequency, and the equal distribution of message lengths all supported the view that software was generating the random letters, with no intention of transmitting hidden information.
