According to June 2026 data, the largest known individual holding of Bitcoin resides in wallets controlled by its pseudonymous creator, Satoshi Nakamoto. Analysis from the Arkham Intel Platform indicates that addresses linked to Nakamoto contain roughly 1,096,000 BTC.
The largest individual Bitcoin balance
This massive sum translates to approximately $72 billion at current prices. These holdings are believed to originate from early mining activities during Bitcoin’s first years, accumulated across around 22,000 blocks. The dataset shows this stash represents about 5.5% of all Bitcoin currently in circulation.
Mini glossary: The Patoshi Pattern is an analytical method that examines technical traces in Bitcoin’s earliest blocks to attribute mining activity to a single source. The wallets discussed in this report are classified as belonging to Satoshi Nakamoto using this analysis pattern.
Arkham’s research bases its findings on what is known as the Patoshi Pattern, a mining signature from Bitcoin’s early days. The company notes these patterns align with addresses thought to be linked to Nakamoto and with those that have recorded spends. Most of these wallets, however, have seen little or no activity since Bitcoin’s early years.
Based on Arkham Intel Platform data, wallets associated with Satoshi Nakamoto contain about 1,096,000 BTC, making this the single largest known Bitcoin holding as of June 2026.
Coinbase and Strategy top institutional rankings
On the institutional side, Coinbase emerges as the largest exchange and custodial holder with 970,000 BTC under management. This total reflects customer assets held in custody as well as corporate Bitcoin reserves. Coinbase remains a prominent US-based cryptocurrency exchange and custodial service provider.
Among publicly listed firms, the company now known as Strategy—previously MicroStrategy—leads the pack, with a total Bitcoin reserve of 847,000 BTC. This accumulation is the result of regular purchases since August 2020. Of that amount, about 184,000 BTC are not kept in direct on-chain wallets, but are instead held with Fidelity Custody.
In the ETF issuer space, BlackRock stands out with 764,000 BTC, while Binance, another major exchange, holds 670,000 BTC. Fidelity Custody manages 446,000 BTC on behalf of various clients, including Strategy.
| Institution/Asset | BTC Amount | Category |
|---|---|---|
| Coinbase | 970,000 BTC | Exchange and custody |
| Strategy | 847,000 BTC | Public company |
| BlackRock | 764,000 BTC | ETF issuer |
| Binance | 670,000 BTC | Exchange |
Governments and anonymous wallets also make the list
Among state entities, the US government leads with a stash of 328,000 BTC, the majority of which comes from asset seizures. This includes recoveries related to the Bitfinex hack, the Silk Road case, and the LuBian investigation.
Most of the US government’s 328,000 BTC reserve was amassed through criminal investigations and asset seizure processes.
The UK government follows with 61,000 BTC among state-controlled Bitcoin holdings. Meanwhile, several major wallets lacking confirmed ownership also stand out. One of these anonymous wallets reportedly holds 92,000 BTC, another 78,000 BTC, though Arkham has not conclusively identified their owners.
Among private companies, Tether holds a verifiable 97,000 BTC on-chain. Block.one is estimated to control 164,000 BTC, but this figure lacks confirmed on-chain validation. Overall, the data illustrates that Bitcoin ownership is widely spread across individuals, corporations, funds, and governments worldwide.
